A verb form made with (have or has) + the Past Participle.
The Present Perfect expresses an action that began in the past and continuous into the present we often use the present perfect to show the connection between the past and the present.
We have had this flat since 1954.
I’ve studied English all my life.
To express an action that happened in the past when no
specific past time is mentioned:
I have read that book.
We often use time words with the Present Perfect Tense.
Since, for, already, never, yet, once, twice, ever, always, often.
I have = (aiv) I’ve
You have = (yu:v) You’ve
He has = (ji:s) He’s
She has = (shi:z) She’s already eaten.
It has = (its) It’s
We have = (ui:v) we’ve
You have = (yu:v) You’ve
They have = (dei:v) They’ve)
Grammar note: “he’s” means “he is” and “he has”
“she’s” means “she is” and “she has”
“it’s” means “it is” and “it has”
Monday, February 2, 2009
Have / Has to complete the sentences.
Write the correct verb. Translate.
1. Mark ____________ to go to school on Saturday.
______________________________________________________________
2. You ____________ to graduate from high school if you want to be
somebody.
______________________________________________________________
3. He ____________ to be eighteen to be able to buy a beer in Mexico.
______________________________________________________________
4. Alex ____________ to finish his homework.
______________________________________________________________
5. We ____________ to buy a cake for Mother’s day..
______________________________________________________________
6. Monica ____________ to look up the words in the dictionary.
______________________________________________________________
7. Yakima ____________ to work the grave yard shift.
______________________________________________________________
8. Yoko ____________ to sing to her late husband.
______________________________________________________________
9. You ____________ to brush your teeth after every meal.
______________________________________________________________
10. We ____________ to buy milk if you want to eat Corn Flakes.
______________________________________________________________
1. Mark ____________ to go to school on Saturday.
______________________________________________________________
2. You ____________ to graduate from high school if you want to be
somebody.
______________________________________________________________
3. He ____________ to be eighteen to be able to buy a beer in Mexico.
______________________________________________________________
4. Alex ____________ to finish his homework.
______________________________________________________________
5. We ____________ to buy a cake for Mother’s day..
______________________________________________________________
6. Monica ____________ to look up the words in the dictionary.
______________________________________________________________
7. Yakima ____________ to work the grave yard shift.
______________________________________________________________
8. Yoko ____________ to sing to her late husband.
______________________________________________________________
9. You ____________ to brush your teeth after every meal.
______________________________________________________________
10. We ____________ to buy milk if you want to eat Corn Flakes.
______________________________________________________________
AUXILIARY VERBS HAVE - HAS
GRAMMAR NOTE:
Some verb forms need help. A verb that helps another verb
Is called a helping verb or auxiliary verb. The helping verb
comes before the main verb.
She is going to school.
helping verb / main verb
Underline the helping verbs in the sentences below.
1. The students have finished their monthly exams.
2. The scientist has been working in his laboratory.
3. The spacecraft is flying very fast.
4. She is talking to the teacher.
5. The teachers have prepared their final exams.
6. We will be hunting deer this season.
7. The cucumbers have been ripe since yesterday.
8. Thomas is eating garlic bread.
Some verb forms need help. A verb that helps another verb
Is called a helping verb or auxiliary verb. The helping verb
comes before the main verb.
She is going to school.
helping verb / main verb
Underline the helping verbs in the sentences below.
1. The students have finished their monthly exams.
2. The scientist has been working in his laboratory.
3. The spacecraft is flying very fast.
4. She is talking to the teacher.
5. The teachers have prepared their final exams.
6. We will be hunting deer this season.
7. The cucumbers have been ripe since yesterday.
8. Thomas is eating garlic bread.
“HAVE / HAS”
Have is used in several ways. It can have the forms of an
auxiliary verb (questions and negatives without do.)
“Have you seen Alex? No, I haven’t.
It can also have the forms of an ordinary verb questions and negatives with do.
Where did you have lunch?
I don’t often have headaches.
Have is used as an auxiliary verb to make the present and past Perfect tenses.
Have you seen George anywhere?
I expected to have finished in a couple of weeks.
Have (got) to (obligation)
Have or Have got to can be used with a to + infinitive
to express the idea of obligation.
Sorry, I have got to go.
How often do you have to see the dentist?
auxiliary verb (questions and negatives without do.)
“Have you seen Alex? No, I haven’t.
It can also have the forms of an ordinary verb questions and negatives with do.
Where did you have lunch?
I don’t often have headaches.
Have is used as an auxiliary verb to make the present and past Perfect tenses.
Have you seen George anywhere?
I expected to have finished in a couple of weeks.
Have (got) to (obligation)
Have or Have got to can be used with a to + infinitive
to express the idea of obligation.
Sorry, I have got to go.
How often do you have to see the dentist?
Sunday, January 4, 2009
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE (2)
Irregular Past Participles
Choose the correct past participle form, and TRANSLATE.
1.- Begin: We're late, the game has already ______.
begin / begun / began
______________________________________________________
2.-Break: Shelley can't go skiing any more. She has ______ her leg.
broken / breaken / broke
______________________________________________________
3.- Become: In the last few years, it has ______ more and more difficult to get into college.
become / became / becume
______________________________________________________
4.- Bring: Duncan's here, and he's ______ some sandwiches!
braught / brung / brought
______________________________________________________
5.- Choose: She's getting married in a week, and she hasn't ______ her dress yet.
choosen / chose / chosen
______________________________________________________
6.- Drink: It's so hot that I've ______ five cans of Coke already this afternoon.
drank / drunk / drunken
______________________________________________________
7.- Eat: You've ______ my lunch! How dare you!
eat / ate / eaten
______________________________________________________
8.- Fall: The price of oil has ______ rapidly since January.
fell / felt / fallen
______________________________________________________
9.- Feel: I've never ______ so good!
felt / feelen / fold
______________________________________________________
10.- Hear: Have you ______ about the accident?
heared / hearn / heard
______________________________________________________
11.- Lose: I've ______ my grammar book. Have you seen it?
lost / loose / losen
______________________________________________________
12.- Put: I found your grammar book under the table. I've ______ it away on the bookshelf.
put / putten / pought
______________________________________________________
13.- Run: Jan's out of breath because she's ______ all the way from the bus terminal.
ran / run / runnen
______________________________________________________
14.- Sell: Have you ______ your car yet?
sellen / sole / sold
______________________________________________________
15.- Show: Stewart hasn't ______ up yet. He must have been delayed.
shew / shown / showed
______________________________________________________
16.- Sleep: I was so exhausted after the exam that I ______ for twelve hours.
sleep / sleeped / slept
______________________________________________________
17.- Steal: Someone has ______ my bicycle!
stolen / stole / stelt
______________________________________________________
18.- Swim: She's never ______ in the sea before.
swim / swum / swam
______________________________________________________
19.- Teach: Gerry has ______ English at IVC for many years.
tought / taught / teach
______________________________________________________
20.- Write: How many pages have you ______ for your homework?
writen / wrote / written
______________________________________________________
Choose the correct past participle form, and TRANSLATE.
1.- Begin: We're late, the game has already ______.
begin / begun / began
______________________________________________________
2.-Break: Shelley can't go skiing any more. She has ______ her leg.
broken / breaken / broke
______________________________________________________
3.- Become: In the last few years, it has ______ more and more difficult to get into college.
become / became / becume
______________________________________________________
4.- Bring: Duncan's here, and he's ______ some sandwiches!
braught / brung / brought
______________________________________________________
5.- Choose: She's getting married in a week, and she hasn't ______ her dress yet.
choosen / chose / chosen
______________________________________________________
6.- Drink: It's so hot that I've ______ five cans of Coke already this afternoon.
drank / drunk / drunken
______________________________________________________
7.- Eat: You've ______ my lunch! How dare you!
eat / ate / eaten
______________________________________________________
8.- Fall: The price of oil has ______ rapidly since January.
fell / felt / fallen
______________________________________________________
9.- Feel: I've never ______ so good!
felt / feelen / fold
______________________________________________________
10.- Hear: Have you ______ about the accident?
heared / hearn / heard
______________________________________________________
11.- Lose: I've ______ my grammar book. Have you seen it?
lost / loose / losen
______________________________________________________
12.- Put: I found your grammar book under the table. I've ______ it away on the bookshelf.
put / putten / pought
______________________________________________________
13.- Run: Jan's out of breath because she's ______ all the way from the bus terminal.
ran / run / runnen
______________________________________________________
14.- Sell: Have you ______ your car yet?
sellen / sole / sold
______________________________________________________
15.- Show: Stewart hasn't ______ up yet. He must have been delayed.
shew / shown / showed
______________________________________________________
16.- Sleep: I was so exhausted after the exam that I ______ for twelve hours.
sleep / sleeped / slept
______________________________________________________
17.- Steal: Someone has ______ my bicycle!
stolen / stole / stelt
______________________________________________________
18.- Swim: She's never ______ in the sea before.
swim / swum / swam
______________________________________________________
19.- Teach: Gerry has ______ English at IVC for many years.
tought / taught / teach
______________________________________________________
20.- Write: How many pages have you ______ for your homework?
writen / wrote / written
______________________________________________________
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE (1)
Here is a brief review of the form and function of the present perfect tense.
1.- The present perfect is used when the time period has not finished:
e.g. = I have seen three movies this week. (This week has not finished yet.)
1.- El presente perfecto se usa cuando una accion NO ha terminado:
ej: Yo he visto tres peliculas esta semana. (Esta semana aun NO termina)
---------------------------------------------------------------
2.- The present perfect is often used when the time is not mentioned:
e.g. = Gerry has failed his exam again.
2.- El presente perfecto seguido es usado cuando el tiempo NO es mencionado:
ej: Gerry ha reprobado su examen. (pero NO especifica cuando)
---------------------------------------------------------------
3.- The present perfect is often used when the time is recent:
e.g = John has just arrived in Tijuana.
3.- El presente perfecto seguido se usa cuando el tiempo es reciente:
ej: John acaba de llegar a Tijuana.
---------------------------------------------------------------
4.- The present perfect is often used with for and since.
e.g. Greg has lived here for 20 years.
e.g. Greg has lived here since 1978.
4.- El presente perfecto seguido se usa con por y desde.
e.j. Greg ha vivido aqui por 20 años.
e.j. Greg ha vivido aqui desde 1978.
---------------------------------------------------------------
The present perfect is formed like this:
The present perfect is formed like this:
--Auxiliary verb: have / has
+ past participle
____________________
Present Perfect Tense.
El presente Perfecto se forma asi:
--Verbos auxiliares: have / has
+ el pasado participio
____________________
Tiempo Presente Perfecto.
Sunday, January 27, 2008
Passive Voice chart.
The following chart includes sentences changed from the *active* to the *passive* in the principal tenses.
Active = They make Fords in Cologne.
Passive = Fords are made in Cologne.
Reference Time = Present Simple
Active = Susan is cooking dinner.
Passive = Dinner is being cooked by Susan
Reference time = Present Continuous
Active = James Joyce wrote "Dubliners".
Passive = "Dubliners" was written by James Joyces.
Reference time = Past Simple
Active = They were painting the house when I arrived.
Passive = The house was being painted when I arrived.
Reference time = Past Continuous
Acive = They have produced over 20 models in the past two years.
Passive = Over 20 models have been produced in the past two years.
Reference time = Present Perfect
Active = They are going to build a new factory in Portland.
Passive = A new factory is going to be built in Portland.
Reference time = Future Intention with *Going to*
Active = I will finish it tomorrow.
Passive = It will be finished tomorrow.
Reference time = Future Simple
----------------------------------------------------------
The Formation of the Indicative Mood of the Passive Voice
Tense = Simple Present
Auxiliary = am/is/are
Verb Form = past participle
Tense = Present Continuous
Auxiliary = am/is/are being
Verb form = past participle
Tense = Present Perfect
Auxiliary = have/has been
Verb form = past participle
Tense = Present Perfect Continuous**
Auxiliary = have/has been being
Verb tense = past participle
Tense = Simple Past
Auxiliary = was/were
Verb tense = past participle
Tense = Past Continuous
Auxiliary = was/were being
Verb tense = past participle
Tense = Past Perfect
Auxiliary = had been
Verb tense = past participle
Tense = Past Perfect Continuous**
Axiliary = had been being
Verb tense = past participle
Tense = Simple Future
Auxiliary = will (shall) be*
Verb tense = past participle
Tense = Future Continuous**
Auxiliary = will (shall)/ be / being
Verb tense = past participle
Tense = Future Perfect
Auxiliary = will (shall)/ have been
Verb tense = past participle
Tense = Future Perfect Continuous**
Auxiliar verb = will (shall) have been being
Verb tense = past participle
* The other modal auxiliaries form conjugations in the same way as shown for will and shall.
** The Present Perfect Continuous, Past Perfect Continuous, Future Continuous, and Future Perfect Continuous tenses of the Passive Voice are cumbersome, and are rarely used. Only the more commonly used tenses of the Passive Voice will be discussed below.
Active = They make Fords in Cologne.
Passive = Fords are made in Cologne.
Reference Time = Present Simple
Active = Susan is cooking dinner.
Passive = Dinner is being cooked by Susan
Reference time = Present Continuous
Active = James Joyce wrote "Dubliners".
Passive = "Dubliners" was written by James Joyces.
Reference time = Past Simple
Active = They were painting the house when I arrived.
Passive = The house was being painted when I arrived.
Reference time = Past Continuous
Acive = They have produced over 20 models in the past two years.
Passive = Over 20 models have been produced in the past two years.
Reference time = Present Perfect
Active = They are going to build a new factory in Portland.
Passive = A new factory is going to be built in Portland.
Reference time = Future Intention with *Going to*
Active = I will finish it tomorrow.
Passive = It will be finished tomorrow.
Reference time = Future Simple
----------------------------------------------------------
The Formation of the Indicative Mood of the Passive Voice
Tense = Simple Present
Auxiliary = am/is/are
Verb Form = past participle
Tense = Present Continuous
Auxiliary = am/is/are being
Verb form = past participle
Tense = Present Perfect
Auxiliary = have/has been
Verb form = past participle
Tense = Present Perfect Continuous**
Auxiliary = have/has been being
Verb tense = past participle
Tense = Simple Past
Auxiliary = was/were
Verb tense = past participle
Tense = Past Continuous
Auxiliary = was/were being
Verb tense = past participle
Tense = Past Perfect
Auxiliary = had been
Verb tense = past participle
Tense = Past Perfect Continuous**
Axiliary = had been being
Verb tense = past participle
Tense = Simple Future
Auxiliary = will (shall) be*
Verb tense = past participle
Tense = Future Continuous**
Auxiliary = will (shall)/ be / being
Verb tense = past participle
Tense = Future Perfect
Auxiliary = will (shall)/ have been
Verb tense = past participle
Tense = Future Perfect Continuous**
Auxiliar verb = will (shall) have been being
Verb tense = past participle
* The other modal auxiliaries form conjugations in the same way as shown for will and shall.
** The Present Perfect Continuous, Past Perfect Continuous, Future Continuous, and Future Perfect Continuous tenses of the Passive Voice are cumbersome, and are rarely used. Only the more commonly used tenses of the Passive Voice will be discussed below.
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